Wartime Capital Culture

After the War of Resistance Against Japan broke out, and Wuhan was occupied by Japanese army, the national government of China moved to Chongqing from Nanjing. Then, Chongqing became the wartime capital of China and the center of politics, military, ecomomy and foreign affairs of China. Therefore, Chongqing became one of the four famous cities during anti-Fascist war, like Washington, London and Moscow. It was the commanding center of Fareast during anti-Fascist war and also a witnessed the cooperation of Communist Party and Kuomintang. There are many unique cultural relics left in Chongqing during 7 years as wartime capital.

According to statistics of 1980's, there are nearly 400 relics about wartime capital culture in Chongqing. Since the development and construction of Chongqing, some of them disappeared. The remaining relics can be divided into two parts. The first part is the official residence of Jiang Jieshi, Song Meiling and so on. The other part is the memorial sites of the cooperation of Communist Party and Kuomintang, such as Hongyan (Red Rock) Village, Gui Garden and so on.

During the War of Resistance Against Japan, a lot of factories and schools also moved to Chongqing, such as Steel Factory Moving and Construction Committee (Chongqing Steel Group at present), Factory No.25 (Jialing Motorcycle Factory at present) and Factory No. 21 (Chang'an Automobile Group at present). Hundreds of students and scholars also came to Chongqing during this period. Chongqing became the center of industry, education and culture of China.